What Poole found perplexing, though, was that tusklessness did not seem to affect males, despite the fact that they were poachers primary targets. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. This data-driven activity accompanies the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. In . One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. This video follows the work of researchers conducting the first census. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Instead of having sons and daughters at an equal proportion, tuskless mothers gave birth to daughters roughly two thirds of the time. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants Pre-Video Activity 1. Students use scientific evidence and reasoning to construct an explanation of and develop an argument for tusklessness in elephant populations. In this video, Poole explains a possible reason. The story of African elephants is a powerful case study of how science can inform conservation. Data Points are useful resources that use figures from the primary literature and guided sets of supporting questions. This film explores four decades of research on the evolution of Galpagos finches, which has illuminated how species form and diversify. In population simulations, the researchers confirmed that it is extremely unlikely that tusklessness would have changed so drastically by chance alone. Hhmi Biointeractive Food Chains And Webs Answer Key Chlorophyll is the molecule in leaves that uses the energy in sunlight to turn water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) into sugar and oxygen gas (O 2 ) 2008 Cadillac Sts Clicking Noise, How Is This Same Test Used To Test For The Presence Of HIV! Watch the . Such a deep genetic understanding of complex evolutionary changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable just a few years ago.. Only Meat: 19/129 * (100%) = 14.73% b. rev-a-shelf 6942-28-11-52; stride rite sandals baby girl; five spice beef noodle soup Watch the Selection for Tuskless Elephants video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. This is a beautiful study that is certain to become a textbook example of how intense human exploitation of wildlife can rapidly change the natural world, says Jeffrey Good, a mammalian evolutionary geneticist at the University of Montana, who was not involved in the research. The study shows that tuskless male elephant offspring are not viable, meaning that population decline is accentuated, Pelletier says. Resume watching the video until Create your free account or Sign in to continue. Answers Biointeractive Hhmi - Effebi.biella.it. The added information provided at pause points within the animation How We Get Our Skin Color allows for a richer exploration of the topic of human skin structure and function. Scientists can use a variety of methods to survey an animal's range and population. This activity guides students through learning and using key scientific terms, culminating in the creation of a customizable diagram. Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Allele and Phenotype Frequencies in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Color Variation Over Time in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Look Who's Coming for Dinner: Selection by Predation, The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, Simulating Evolution of a Rock Pocket Mouse Population. 2. The sex ratio of the offspring of tuskless mothers also indicated that the genetics responsible may be lethal for males. 0 Most immune cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. Explore the methods scientists use to survey elephants. Anatomy & Physiology Scientific Skills & Literacy Click & Learn High School General High School AP/IB College Selection for Tuskless Elephants In females, mutations in a key gene on one of their X chromosomes seems to be responsible for tusklessness. The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch, Combatting Problem Fatigue Using BioInteractive Case Studies in an AP Environmental Science Course, Exploring Regeneration Using The Planarian, Priming and Prioritizing Facilitated Discussions, Teaching About Infectious Diseases Using the 5E Model, Simplifying Case Studies Using Data Points, HHMI Expands Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, New Online Professional Development Workshops, Introducing a new BioInteractive experience. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. hhmi biointeractive tuskless elephants answer key About; Location; Menu; FAQ; Contacts This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. D is the correct answer A key challenge faced by flowering plants is dispersal: spreading offspring to a different location where they can grow into a new plant Howard hughes medical institute 2007 holiday lectures on science cells of the immune systemstudent worksheet answer the following questions as you proceed through the activity slides Published December . HS-LS4-2, HS-LS4-3, HS-LS4-4, HS-LS4-5; SEP1, SEP5, SEP6, EVO-1.E, EVO-1.G, SYI-2.B, SYI-3.D; SP3, SP4, SP5, SP6, Topic(s): 2.1, 2.6, 9.10 293 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<9453723FF87E8A44A337DAA0866B88AA><438003D2AD6765408BCD5AC475C7220B>]/Index[254 63]/Info 253 0 R/Length 160/Prev 292343/Root 255 0 R/Size 317/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream hbbd```b``"WHg -,^ Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. biointeractive 231K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K Share 130K views 5 years ago Elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the. Propose a claim supported by scientific evidence to answer a research question. In this inquiry-based activity, students engage in science practices to figure out why some people with a genetic condition that usually leads to sickle cell disease do not have disease symptoms. This video case study explores whether elephants can detect, interpret, and respond to signals delivered by underground vibrations. The resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. In this activity, students collect and analyze evidence for each of the major conditions for evolution by natural selection to develop an explanation for how populations change over time. Campbell-Staton and his co-first author, Brian Arnold of Princeton, were able to join forces with the other researchers to collect blood samples from 18 femalessome with tusks and some withoutthat would meet the genomic requirements for the project. ea`|wC"bSfoxjtZ&T2(i+q,|:m!J@ dP6H EEH6~SlL.3a5, Africa, adaptation, Gorongosa, microevolution, scientific methodology, scientific process, selective pressure, trait. The frequency of tusklessness, the team found, increased from about 18.5 percent before the war to 50.9 percent after. In 1989, when elephant ethologist Joyce Poole began carrying out surveys of three East African elephant populations to understand the impact that heavy poaching was having on them, she quickly noted several stark trends. a. Elephant Evolution and Adaptation. Answers may vary. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. ;X2ELb/6-qRrT3p0=qb3]1#>7}}2D/Q 59E ,;! Description This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. Posted on 11/01/2021 by 11/01/2021 by As poaching in Gorongosa has been stamped out through sustained conservation efforts, the number of baby elephants born tuskless has begun to decrease. 2023 Scientific American, a Division of Springer Nature America, Inc. a. BioInteractive is committed to providing equitable learning opportunities to educators and students. Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. In this activity, students work with authentic research data to explore the impact of poaching on African elephants. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. As you watch the videos, complete the questions from the "Task 1" handout. This interactive module explores examples of how changes in one species can affect species at other trophic levels and ultimately the entire ecosystem. hb```f``z' B@QKm>%QXP^miq4YtnT50WS'.*^916SqKi"%df%IE400(wt@*06sx9 g! But in males with no other X chromosome to fall back on, that mutation appears to cause death in the womb. video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Homepage | HHMI BioInteractive | Elephant, Ap environmental science, Development From biointeractive.org Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Some prevent pathogens from entering the body, and some attack pathogens already inside the body. HHMI Educator Tip Tuskless Elephants - YouTube In this video blog post, Kaitlin Bonner, an assistant professor of biology at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY, explains how she uses. Total: 129 a. Discover implementation ideas, lesson sequences, resource modifications, quick tips, and more in this collection of videos and in-depth articles. Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. endstream endobj startxref Follow Nuwer on Twitter @RachelNuwerCredit: Nick Higgins. Their current rate of decline is 8% per year, primarily due to illegal killing called poaching. HHMI is investing in increasing racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in academic science to create environments in which everyone can thrive. Like other places that had undergone intense poaching, Gorongosas female elephants exhibited an abnormally high proportion of tusklessness. Fortunately, another research team was carrying out a collaring project to track matriarch elephants. endstream endobj startxref The Google Drive folder is set as View Only; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File Make a copy. These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the Details section below, including crediting BioInteractive. This activity explores images of a coral bleaching event, which serve as phenomena for learning about marine ecosystems, human impacts, and climate change. (The first six weeks, as well as the culminating project . It seemed simple enoughexcept we drove all day, every day for a week and didnt see a single elephant.. The accompanying worksheet guides students exploration. To prevent his AP Environmental Science students from having "problem fatigue," Florida educator Scott Sowell focuses on how environmental solutions are developed, justified, implemented, and evaluated. hbbd```b``"wH&NQ fg`5jz XX$^feN3)R@1y"A9m v \`@=`6/Af Zl "30 0 r Explain how characteristics associated with biological sex may affect athletic performance. We were going to drive around at Gorongosa, spot an elephant, see if the elephant had tusks or not, wait for the elephant to poop and then collect its DNA, he says. Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots. For context, this course consisted of a three-credit lecture and a one-credit lab. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers who sell the tusks on the ivory market. Most African elephants have tusks, but someabout 2 to 6% of females and even fewer malesnever grow them. %PDF-1.5 % chromosome, differences in sex development (DSD), estrogen, Olympics, ovary, primary/secondary sex characteristic, sex determining region Y (SRY), testes, testosterone, X inactivation. a. The researchers first needed to determine whether it was actually the selection from poaching that led to a disproportionate number of tuskless individuals or if it was just some fluke of chance that emerged as the population crashed. endstream endobj 416 0 obj <. No rights are granted to use HHMIs or BioInteractives names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works. Knowledge awaits. 2. 7. Discover tools to help plan lessons and opportunities to support professional learning. PART 2: Video Activity . Learn about the history of sex verification testing of athletes and the science behind the tests used. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants that survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. eaht``wC(#U]}I)C Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants. 255 0 obj <> endobj The rapid rise in frequency of a severe disease allele that kills males is surprising and speaks to the overwhelming intensity of poaching during civil unrest, he says. Nature, in this case at least, seems to be correcting itself. These declines may be a part of Earths next mass extinction. In this video Dr. Joyce Poole explains a possible reason. Its something I had puzzled over for so long, says Poole, co-founder and scientific director of ElephantVoices, a nonprofit science and conservation organization. Poaching brings evolutionary pressure for tusklessness. Real science, real stories, and real data to engage students in exploring the living world. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. One type of evidence they use is genetic data. In particular, they often are missing their upper lateral incisorsthe anatomical equivalent of tusks in elephants. This interactive module explores the phases, checkpoints, and protein regulators of the cell cycle. After making these observations, Campbell-Staton decided it was time to use a whole-genome analysis to pinpoint the potential genetic factors. Campbell-Staton was just as perplexed by this as Poole had been, and he soon struck up a collaboration with her and other elephant ecologists. Gathering the data to enable this key final step proved trickier than he expected, however. Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless.For more short films and resources on elephants, visit http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/elephants Poaching is selecting for tuskless elephants, which are more likely to survive, mate, and pass on their genes. Tusklessness, according to a new paper in Science, can be attributed in large part to a dominant mutation on the X chromosomea genetic change that also explains the sex skew Poole saw. %%EOF Hhmi Biointeractive Answer Key. Students will then analyze data to investigate the impact of human activity, namely poaching, on elephant populations. 482 0 obj <>stream This Click & Learn shows that keystone species exist across a variety of ecosystems and can exert their influence in different ways. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. Articles that connect current events to BioInteractive resources. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so one might expect strong natural selection for having tusks. If you're interested in teaching about infectious diseases from an environmental science perspective, this article from Wisconsin educator Amy Fassler details how she incorporates our resources into a 5E lesson. Explore our digital archive back to 1845, including articles by more than 150 Nobel Prize winners. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. View Tusk-less_Elephant_data_analysis_(Sep_17_2020_at_556_PM).png from AA 1Stude Activity hhmi | Biointeractive Student Handout Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants 9. II. %%EOF Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, A Genetic Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease, Vertebrate Declines and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Learning Scientific Language with a Graphic Organizer. In this article from professor Karen Avery, see how she uses this unassuming model organism to teach concepts in cellular biology and genetics. Analyzing Data On Tuskless Elephants - HHMI BioInteractive Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. %PDF-1.6 % Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. Hear how experienced science educators are using BioInteractive resources with their students. Women who are affected by the syndrome survive, but they typically have altered tooth morphology. To learn more about the problems facing African elephants and their recovery in Gorongosa National Park, watch these two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census and all of Selection for Tuskless Elephants. As the years went on from 2007-2013, we saw a growth in total illegal elephant deaths. Look up the definition of the term poaching and summarize your understanding of what it means in the space below. keyboard_arrow_up Show footer video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. Watch the . Video Activity 7. Why Do Some People with the Sickle Cell Genotype Not Have Symptoms? Introduction Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. endstream endobj startxref 6. Thanks for reading Scientific American. Scientists . %%EOF endstream endobj 255 0 obj <. To determine the traits prevalence after the conflict ended, she used a database of individual elephants that she and her husband and research partner Petter Granlialso a co-author of the new studyhad already built to study elephant behavior and communication. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. This activity explores images of elephants with and without tusks, which serve as phenomena for learning about selection and human impacts on the frequency of traits within populations. |U#62RF>^/,[4@[S5MT3M_q+; u* We know we have a lot of work to do to address racial inequities in science teaching. More than 30 years later, she finally may have her answer. This has left a notable gap in the literature that the new paper helps to fill. 2 Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. Examples range from classic case studies, such as the peppered moths of the U.K. that changed their dominant wing color from mostly white to black during the industrial revolution, to lizards that are now evolving longer legs and feet with more grip to race up smooth city buildings. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. hb```lRB BioInteractive is offering free workshops for high school and undergraduate life and environmental science educators. Let's Go! A Famed Dolphin-Human Fishing Partnership Is in Danger of Disappearing, Vertebrates May Have Used Vocal Communication More Than 100 Million Years Earlier Than We Thought. Key Concepts. v0E H+1Q` d Tuskless mothers, on the other hand, had about an equal proportion of daughters with or without tusks (or, in some cases, with a single tusk). Perri Carr describes how she uses BioInteractives elephant resources to teach concepts ranging from biotechnology to genetics to ecology and conservation. The same high-quality resources are now available with new features, including a logged-in experience. In this study, scientists used DNA profiling to determine where ivory seized from poachers had originated. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point . 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All day, every day for a week and didnt see a single elephant until Create your free or! Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license academic science to Create environments in which everyone thrive! Instead of having sons and daughters at an equal proportion, tuskless mothers also indicated the... ' B @ QKm > % QXP^miq4YtnT50WS ' endstream endobj 255 0